A Mini Review on Pharmacological Significance of Isatin-1,2,3-Triazole Hybrids

Molecular hybridization is one of the recent stratagems in medicinal chemistry to synthesize a novel hybrid molecule having better affinity and efficacy by combining two or more pharmacophoric moieties. Molecular hybridization, i.e., a linker or framework integration technique, can be used to connect the two pharmacophoric components. It has often been found that hybrid compounds perform more effectively and possess lower toxicity than their parent molecules. In order to create a new generation of effective and safe therapeutic candidates, such as anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-HIV, antioxidant, and antibacterial, for a variety of frontline diseases, several articles have been published that discuss the molecular hybridization of preclinically or clinically proven compounds. Isatin and its derivatives have been studied extensively due to diversified biological activities, including antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiviral, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, etc. Similarly, 1,2,3-triazoles have received significant interest as a bio-isostere in medicinal chemistry for generating a large number of pharmaceutically significant molecules. As it possesses diversified physiochemical properties, such as hydrogen bond formation capacity, ease of synthesis, moderate dipole moment, stability towards acidic/basic hydrolysis, inertness towards oxidizing/ reducing agents, and good binding potential with several biological targets, triazole is an important choice of the medicinal chemists for the novel medication development. The aim of the current review is to summarize the research articles showing the pharmacological significance of hybrid molecules containing isatin and 1,2,3-triazole moieties. The present review may assist chemists in designing and synthesizing isatin-1,2,3-triazole hybrids with better efficacy and low cytotoxicity.