A snapshot on the usage pattern of gabapentinoids in Oman

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Clinical Pharmacy
• Public Health

Background:

• Gabapentinoids (gabapentin and pregabalin) are increasingly used globally as anticonvulsants and for other conditions.
• These drugs exhibit addiction potential and can cause euphoria, sociability, and relaxation, similar to recreational drugs.
• Limited data exists on gabapentinoid usage patterns in the Middle East.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the usage patterns of gabapentinoids at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Oman.
• To analyze indications, dosing, and off-label use of gabapentinoids in a tertiary care setting.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective cross-sectional study of adult patients (≥18 years) prescribed gabapentinoids from March to August 2019.
• Review of 291 prescriptions for indications, dosing, and adherence to FDA labeling and Oman National Formulary.
• Analysis of co-prescription with psychotropic drugs.

Main Results:

• The most common age group was ≥60 years (65.3%), and most patients were female (61.2%).
• Diabetic peripheral neuropathy was the most frequent labeled indication (79.4%).
• Off-label use was prevalent: 51.8% for pregabalin and 70.5% for gabapentin, with lower back pain being a common off-label indication.

Conclusions:

• Gabapentinoids are frequently prescribed for off-label indications in Oman.
• There is a need for awareness programs and established policies to promote rational gabapentinoid use and prevent misuse or abuse.