Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis for the Determination of the Particle Size of Iron-Carbohydrate Complexes
04:40

Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis for the Determination of the Particle Size of Iron-Carbohydrate Complexes

Published on: July 7, 2023

2.6K

Intravenous iron infusion in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and study-level meta-analysis

Husam M Salah1, Gianluigi Savarese2, Giuseppe M C Rosano3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.

ESC Heart Failure
|February 3, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Intravenous iron effectively reduces cardiovascular hospitalizations in heart failure patients. It lowers the combined risk of heart failure hospitalization and cardiovascular death, but does not impact overall mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) patients exhibit significant variability in cardiovascular outcomes with intravenous iron therapy.
  • Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have yielded inconsistent results regarding the efficacy of intravenous iron in HF.
  • A robust estimate of intravenous iron's effect on cardiovascular outcomes in HF is needed.

Approach:

  • A meta-analytic approach was employed to synthesize data from existing RCTs.
  • A systematic literature search identified ten RCTs involving 3438 patients with HF and iron deficiency.
  • Data were analyzed to calculate risk ratios (RRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for key cardiovascular outcomes.

Key Points:

  • Intravenous iron significantly reduced the composite of cardiovascular mortality and first HF hospitalization (RR 0.85; 95% CI 0.77-0.95).
  • A significant reduction was observed in first HF hospitalizations (RR 0.82; 95% CI 0.67-0.99) and total HF hospitalizations (RR 0.74; 95% CI 0.60-0.91).
  • No statistically significant differences were found for all-cause mortality (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.83-1.09) or cardiovascular mortality alone (OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.75-1.05).

Conclusions:

  • Intravenous iron infusion is effective in reducing the composite risk of cardiovascular mortality and HF hospitalization.
  • It also significantly decreases the risk of both first and recurrent hospitalizations for heart failure.
  • The therapy demonstrated no significant impact on all-cause or cardiovascular mortality when considered individually.
Abstract

Keywords:
Heart failureHospitalizationIron deficiencyIron infusionMeta-analysisMortalityOutcomes

More Related Videos

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload05:23

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

Published on: March 14, 2017

19.6K
Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs14:35

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs

Published on: April 17, 2021

8.6K

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
22
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
24
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
19
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
130
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
20
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
31