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Supporting Parents of Children With Type 1 Diabetes: Experiment Comparing Message and Delivery Types

Bree Holtz1, Katharine Mitchell1

  • 1Department of Advertising and Public Relations, College of Communication Arts and Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.

JMIR Formative Research
|February 3, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Providing diabetes-specific messages to parents of children with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) improved disease management and satisfaction. The delivery method, whether Facebook or SMS, did not impact outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Health Communication

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects over 154,000 children in the US, placing a significant care burden on parents.
  • Effective parental support is crucial for managing T1D in children.
  • Existing support strategies require further investigation for optimal delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of diabetes-specific versus general parenting messages on parents of children with T1D.
  • To compare the effectiveness of Facebook and SMS text messaging as delivery channels for informational support.
  • To assess changes in diabetes behaviors, parental satisfaction, and quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involving 102 parents of children with T1D was conducted over 8 weeks.
  • A 2x2 experimental design tested message type (diabetes-specific vs. general parenting) and delivery medium (Facebook vs. SMS).
  • Outcomes measured included diabetes behavior, informational support, emotional support, and quality of life.

Main Results:

  • Parents receiving diabetes-specific messages showed significant improvements in diabetes behaviors (P=.05).
  • Participants in the diabetes message groups reported higher satisfaction with the intervention (P=.005).
  • No significant differences were found between message types or delivery mediums for informational support, emotional support, or quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Informational support via Facebook or SMS text messaging does not significantly impact parents' perceptions of social support or quality of life.
  • Diabetes-specific messages enhance disease management and parental satisfaction compared to general parenting messages.
  • Findings offer guidance for developing targeted social support interventions for parents managing childhood T1D.
Abstract

Keywords:
caregivingchildrendevelopmentdiabetesdiagnosiseffectivenessemailinterventionmanagementsocial supportstresssupporttype 1 diabetes

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