Enhanced efficiency of calcium-derived oleoyl serine on osteoporosis via Wnt/β-catenin pathway

Osteoporosis is a common disease of the elderly that affects millions of patients worldwide. It is mainly characterized by low bone mineral density and increased risk of fracture due to the deterioration of the bone structure, leading to difficulties in functional recovery, reduced quality of life, increased disability risk and mortality in the population. It has already been a major public health problem. Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that is difficult to treat in the elderly population, so it is crucial to develop new drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis. Oleoyl serine, an endogenous fatty acyl amide found in bone, has been shown to have excellent anti-osteoporosis effects, but it is easily hydrolyzed by amidases in vivo. The aim of this study is to determine the anti-osteoporotic effect of calcium-derived oleoyl serine, a novel oleoyl serine derivative and the molecular mechanism underneath. In vitro experiments demonstrated that calcium-derived oleoyl serine suppressed the expression of Fabp4, and Cebpα while Alp, and Runx2 was significantly upregulated compared with the oleoyl serine group and control. With the activation of β-catenin, calcium-derived oleoyl serine restored the abnormal osteogenesis and lipogenesis, indicating calcium-derived oleoyl serine compared with oleoyl serine has better effects on promoting osteogenesis and suppressing lipogenesis. In vivo experiment agreed with these findings that calcium-derived oleoyl serine promotes osteogenesis and suppresses its lipogenesis to ameliorate osteoporosis via a β-catenin dependent method. It is a new candidate for treating osteoporosis.