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Related Concept Videos

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

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Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Single Cell Collection of Trophoblast Cells in Peri-implantation Stage Human Embryos
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Single Cell Collection of Trophoblast Cells in Peri-implantation Stage Human Embryos

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A Systemic Approach to Isolate, Retrieve, and Characterize Trophoblasts from the Maternal Circulation Using a

Shin-Yu Lin1, Li-Kuo Lu2, Wei-Fan Hsu2,3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100226, Taiwan.

Analytical Chemistry
|February 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a microfluidic assay to isolate rare trophoblasts from maternal blood, enabling genetic analysis for prenatal diagnostics. The system efficiently captures and retrieves these vital cells for further characterization.

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Last Updated: Aug 11, 2025

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Isolation of Primary Mouse Trophoblast Cells and Trophoblast Invasion Assay
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Isolation of Primary Mouse Trophoblast Cells and Trophoblast Invasion Assay

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Rare cells in circulation hold significant clinical value, but their isolation is challenging due to low abundance.
  • Trophoblasts, crucial for fetal development, are present in maternal circulation and are of interest for non-invasive prenatal testing.
  • Existing methods for rare cell isolation face limitations in volume processing and cell recovery efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a systemic approach for isolating and characterizing trophoblasts from maternal blood.
  • To enable genetic analysis of trophoblasts for potential non-invasive prenatal diagnostics.
  • To overcome the challenges of rare cell isolation by processing large blood volumes efficiently.

Main Methods:

  • A microfluidic rare cell disc assay (RaCDA) was designed to process up to 15 mL of blood within 30 minutes.
  • The RaCDA effectively depletes red blood cells (RBCs) and associated white blood cells (WBCs) while isolating trophoblasts.
  • On-disc fluorescent immuno-staining, optimized single-cell retrieval, whole-genome amplification (WGA), and short-tandem repeat (STR) analysis were employed for identification and confirmation.

Main Results:

  • The RaCDA demonstrated a mean recovery rate of 91.0% for spiked cells and a WBC depletion rate of 99.91%.
  • 100% retrieval efficiency was achieved for up to four single trophoblasts per micropipette column.
  • STR analysis confirmed the successful retrieval of trophoblasts from maternal circulation by comparing their genetic signatures.

Conclusions:

  • The developed RaCDA provides an effective and efficient method for isolating rare trophoblasts from maternal blood.
  • This technology facilitates the genetic characterization of trophoblasts, paving the way for non-invasive prenatal diagnostics.
  • The systemic approach addresses key limitations in rare cell isolation, offering a promising tool for clinical applications.