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Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...
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Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Methods for Characterizing the Co-development of Biofilm and Habitat Heterogeneity
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Aquatic plastisphere: Interactions between plastics and biofilms.

Yue Yu1, Lingzhan Miao2, Tanveer M Adyel3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland.

Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|February 3, 2023
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Plastic pollution creates aquatic habitats called the plastisphere. Biofilms on plastics impact plastic degradation and transport, influencing the aquatic environment.

Keywords:
Co-occurrence networkMicrobial communityPlastics degradationPlastisphere

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Increasing plastic pollution in aquatic environments creates novel ecological niches, forming the plastisphere.
  • Previous research primarily examined the one-way impact of plastics on microbial communities, neglecting reciprocal interactions.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on aquatic plastisphere formation and biofilm succession patterns.
  • It analyzes co-occurrence networks to identify keystone taxa and their environmental behaviors.
  • The review systematically examines the bidirectional interactions between plastics and biofilms.

Key Points:

  • Biofilm development on plastics is influenced by plastic properties, environmental factors, and colonization time.
  • Biofilms alter plastic behaviors, affecting transport, contaminant accumulation, fragmentation, and degradation.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for managing plastic pollution.

Conclusions:

  • The aquatic plastisphere represents a complex interplay between plastic materials and microbial communities.
  • Future research should focus on the reciprocal dynamics to better understand and mitigate plastic pollution impacts.