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Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
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Insomnia Severity Index: A reliability generalisation meta-analysis.

Luíza Quinália Cerri1, Mariana Carvalho Justo1, Vanda Clemente2,3

  • 1Department of Education and Psychology, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.

Journal of Sleep Research
|February 3, 2023
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Summary

This meta-analysis found the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) has good reliability, with a pooled Cronbach

Keywords:
Cronbach's alphaInsomnia Severity Indexinsomniameta-analysisreliability generalisationsystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) is a widely used tool for assessing insomnia.
  • Reliability generalization (RG) meta-analysis is crucial for evaluating the consistency of psychometric instruments across studies.
  • Understanding the psychometric properties of the ISI is essential for accurate clinical assessment and research.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.
  • Included studies reported Cronbach's alpha for the total ISI score and focused on psychometric properties.
  • A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, synthesizing 42 estimates from 33 studies (N=29,688).

Key Points:

  • Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the ISI ranged from 0.65 to 0.92, with most exceeding 0.7.
  • The pooled Cronbach's alpha was 0.83 (95% CI [0.81-0.85]), indicating good internal consistency.
  • High heterogeneity (I²=97%) was observed, suggesting variability in ISI reliability across studies.

Conclusions:

  • The Insomnia Severity Index demonstrates generally good reliability, as evidenced by the pooled Cronbach's alpha.
  • High heterogeneity warrants caution when interpreting the ISI's reliability, as results may vary across different populations and settings.
  • Further research should ensure underlying assumptions for Cronbach's alpha are met to improve the consistency of findings.