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Gut microbiome variations in Rhinopithecus roxellanae caused by changes in the environment.

Gang Zhao1,2,3,4,5, Mingpu Qi1,2, Qiankun Wang1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.

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Raising pattern significantly impacts snub-nosed monkey gut microbiomes, influencing diversity and function. Wild monkeys exhibit higher diversity and distinct metabolic pathways compared to captive ones, informing conservation efforts.

Keywords:
AdaptationAntibiotic resistant genesBacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratioGut microbiomeMetagenomicsRhinopithecus roxellanae

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial ecology
  • Wildlife conservation
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellanae) is an endangered species requiring protection.
  • Gut microbiome plays a crucial role in animal health, adaptation, and survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the gut fecal microbiome profiles of snub-nosed monkeys.
  • To determine the influence of raising patterns, age, sex, and diarrheal status on the gut microbiome.
  • To provide data for developing effective conservation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing for initial sample analysis.
  • Shotgun metagenomic sequencing for detailed bacterial community characterization.
  • Analysis of 24 high-quality DNA samples from wild and captive monkeys.

Main Results:

  • Raising pattern (captive vs. wild) was the primary determinant of gut microbiome structure.
  • Wild monkeys showed higher bacterial diversity and lower Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratios than captive monkeys.
  • Distinct functional gene enrichments were observed: fatty acid production in wild monkeys and vitamin/amino acid biosynthesis in captive monkeys.
  • Captive monkeys harbored a higher diversity of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) than wild monkeys.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbiome composition and function are significantly shaped by raising patterns in snub-nosed monkeys.
  • Metabolic self-reprogramming in the gut microbiome aids adaptation to diverse environments.
  • Findings underscore the importance of understanding gut microbiome dynamics for endangered species conservation.