Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Intratracheal Administration of Dry Powder Formulation in Mice
Published on: July 25, 2020
Bacteriophage endolysin powders for inhaled delivery against pulmonary infections
Yuncheng Wang1, Dipesh Khanal1, Adit B Alreja2
1Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Abstract:
Endolysins are bacteriophage-encoded enzymatic proteins that have great potential to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Bacteriophage endolysins Cpl-1 and ClyJ-3 have shown promising antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, which causes pneumonia in humans. This is the first study to investigate the feasibility of spray-dried endolysins Cpl-1 and ClyJ-3 with excipients to produce inhalable powders. The two endolysins were individually tested with leucine and sugar (lactose or trehalose) for spray drying method followed by characterization of biological and physico-chemical properties. A complete loss of ClyJ-3 bioactivity was observed after atomization of the liquid feed solution(before the drying process), while Cpl-1 maintained its bioactivity in the spray-dried powders. Cpl-1 formulations containing leucine with lactose or trehalose showed promising physico-chemical properties (particle size, crystallinity, hygroscopicity, etc.) and aerosol performances (fine particle fraction values above 65%). The results indicated that endolysin Cpl-1 can be formulated as spray dried powders suitable for inhaled delivery to the lungs for the potential treatment of pulmonary infections.
Related Concept Videos
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages
DNA Bacteriophages
Inhaled Medications
Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

