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Bariatric Surgery and Incident Heart Failure: a Propensity Score Matched Nationwide Cohort Study
Luke Kostanjsek1, Maddalena Ardissino1, Osama Moussa2
1National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
International Journal of Cardiology
|February 4, 2023
Summary
Bariatric surgery significantly lowers heart failure (HF) incidence and all-cause mortality in patients with obesity. This study compared surgical patients to similar non-surgical individuals, finding reduced HF rates post-surgery.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Surgery
- Obesity Medicine
Background:
- Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including heart failure (HF).
- While bariatric surgery promotes weight loss and improves cardiovascular health, its specific impact on HF incidence requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effect of bariatric surgery on the incidence of heart failure (HF) in patients with obesity.
- To compare HF rates in bariatric surgery patients versus a propensity-score matched cohort undergoing non-surgical management.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study utilizing the Clinical Practice Research Database (CPRD).
- 3052 patients undergoing bariatric surgery were matched with 3052 non-surgical patients based on propensity scores.
- Inclusion criteria: BMI > 35 kg/m², age > 18 years, no prior HF diagnosis.
Main Results:
- Bariatric surgery was associated with a significantly lower incidence of new heart failure (HF) (HR 0.45, p=0.0011).
- Patients who underwent bariatric surgery also experienced significantly lower all-cause mortality (HR 0.56, p=0.0036).
Conclusions:
- Bariatric surgery demonstrates a significant reduction in heart failure (HF) incidence and all-cause mortality among patients with obesity.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and long-term benefits of bariatric surgery for HF prevention.
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