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Contrast-induced Nephropathy in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Single-center Experience

Osama A Gheith1, Ayman M Nagib, Medhat A Halim

  • 1The Nephrology Department, Hamed Al-Essa Organ Transplant Center, Sabah Area, Kuwait. ogheith@yahoo.com.

Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases
|February 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) affects kidney transplant (KT) recipients, with 7 of 79 patients developing it after contrast material (CM) use. Proactive risk assessment and management are crucial for these vulnerable patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Transplant Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Kidney transplant (KT) recipients have unique risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), including immunosuppression and cardiovascular disease.
  • Data on CIN in KT recipients is limited, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of CIN in KT recipients undergoing radiological assessment with low-osmolality iodine-based contrast material (CM).

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of 3180 KT recipients from 2010-2020 identified 79 who received CM.
  • Preventive measures were administered, and CIN was defined as a 25% serum creatinine increase within 72 hours.

Main Results:

  • Seven (8.86%) of the 79 KT recipients developed CIN.
  • The majority of patients had diabetic nephropathy as the cause of end-stage kidney disease.
  • Graft function deteriorated in the CIN group, though no significant end-study difference was observed between groups.

Conclusions:

  • CIN is a notable complication in KT recipients receiving CM, particularly those with ischemic heart disease.
  • Risk stratification, hemodynamic optimization, and avoidance of nephrotoxins are vital before CM-enhanced procedures in KT recipients.
Abstract

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