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Demographic and clinical features of pediatric vasculitis: a single-center study

Tiago Santos Trindade1, Catarina Granjo Morais2, Ana Maia2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João.

ARP Rheumatology
|February 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study analyzed pediatric systemic vasculitis cases, finding Kawasaki disease (KD) in younger children and Behçet's syndrome (BS) in adolescents. Most patients with IgA Vasculitis (IgAV) and KD showed high treatment response rates.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Systemic Vasculitis Research
  • Childhood Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Vasculitides are rare systemic inflammatory conditions affecting children.
  • Understanding demographic and clinical features is crucial for diagnosis and management.
  • International comparisons highlight variations in presentation and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document demographic and clinical features of pediatric systemic vasculitis.
  • To compare findings with international studies.
  • To identify key differences and similarities in disease presentation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 138 pediatric patients diagnosed between 2009-2020.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients under 18 years at diagnosis or follow-up.
  • Data collected on demographics, clinical signs, and treatment response.

Main Results:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) presented in younger children (median age 2.26 years) vs. Behçet's syndrome (BS) in adolescents (median age 13.41 years).
  • High treatment response (>90%) observed in IgA Vasculitis (IgAV) and KD.
  • Gastrointestinal and joint symptoms were common; renal and ophthalmic involvement varied by vasculitis type.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric vasculitides exhibit distinct age distributions and clinical manifestations.
  • Findings largely align with literature, with some atypical presentations noted.
  • Further multicenter studies are needed to advance research and clinical trials.
Abstract

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