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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
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Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal01:26

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Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development describes the anal stage as occurring between 18 months and three years of age. During this period, children derive pleasure from controlling and releasing their bowel movements. However, they quickly learn that societal expectations impose restrictions on when and where this can happen. This stage marks a critical point where children begin to develop a sense of control and mastery over their bodily functions, as well as their broader...
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Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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Homework adherence in exposure-based CBT for youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical outcomes and predictors across treatment.

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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Childhood Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

McKenzie Schuyler1, Daniel A Geller2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Suite 2000, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

The Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|February 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is common in youth, often starting in childhood or adolescence. Early detection and treatment, including therapy and medication, are vital for recovery.

Keywords:
Child and adolescentDevelopmentObsessive–compulsive disorderPediatricPsychopathology

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) frequently impacts children and adolescents, with onset typically in these age groups.
  • Symptoms can manifest as exaggerated developmental concerns and ritualistic behaviors, often missed due to low insight.
  • Comorbid neurodevelopmental diagnoses are common, particularly in males.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the prevalence and presentation of OCD in pediatric populations.
  • To emphasize the importance of early detection and intervention for improved outcomes.
  • To underscore the role of family involvement in treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of OCD in youth.
  • Analysis of common comorbidities, especially neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Discussion of established treatment modalities for pediatric OCD.

Main Results:

  • OCD onset is frequent during childhood and adolescence.
  • Low insight can mask OCD symptoms in young individuals.
  • Neurodevelopmental comorbidities are prevalent, particularly in males.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification and intervention are crucial for remission and recovery in youth with OCD.
  • Family participation significantly aids treatment effectiveness.
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy and serotonin reuptake inhibitors are primary treatment options.