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Bile acids as modulators of gut microbiota composition and function.

Anaïs B Larabi1, Hugo L P Masson1, Andreas J Bäumler1

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Bile acids significantly influence gut microbiota composition and host health. Modulating bile acid pools may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for gut dysbiosis and related diseases.

Keywords:
Bile acidscolonization resistanceintestinal homeostasismicrobiome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Gut microbial community alterations (dysbiosis) are linked to numerous human diseases.
  • Bile acids are key regulators of gut microbiota composition and host gut homeostasis.
  • Bile acid metabolism is intrinsically connected to bacterial metabolism within the gut.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of bile acids in shaping gut microbiota composition.
  • To explore the potential of manipulating bile acid pools for therapeutic interventions in dysbiosis.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on the interplay between bile acids and gut microbes.
  • It examines how changes in bile acid pool size and composition affect microbiota.

Main Results:

  • Bile acids exert antimicrobial effects and modulate host signaling pathways.
  • Alterations in the bile acid pool can lead to dysbiosis, inflammation, and opportunistic pathogen infections.

Conclusions:

  • Bile acids are critical determinants of gut microbiota structure and function.
  • Targeting the bile acid pool presents a promising therapeutic avenue for managing dysbiosis and associated pathologies.