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Published on: August 30, 2019
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Endobronchial Tuberculosis Simulating Acute Foreign Body Inhalation: A Case Report.
Othmane Benhoumad1, Omar Oulghoul2, Sara Rochd3,2
1Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
Summary
Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) can mimic foreign body aspiration in children. Early diagnosis and intervention, like granuloma ablation, are crucial for improving respiratory status in these rare cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is a rare manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis.
- EBTB can result from lymph node rupture or lymphatic spread, presenting non-specifically.
- Its symptoms often mimic foreign body aspiration, posing diagnostic challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight an unusual case of endobronchial tuberculosis in a pediatric patient.
- To emphasize the importance of considering EBTB in children with suspected foreign body aspiration.
- To inform otolaryngologists and pediatricians about atypical EBTB presentations.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 23-month-old patient with acute dyspnea and unilateral wheezing.
- Diagnostic workup included chest computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopy.
- Histopathological examination of the granulomatous mass.
Main Results:
- Chest CT suggested a foreign body in the respiratory tract.
- Bronchoscopy revealed a granulomatous mass in the carina and primary bronchi.
- Histopathology confirmed tuberculosis; granuloma ablation improved the patient's respiratory status.
Conclusions:
- This case underscores the atypical presentation of EBTB mimicking foreign body aspiration in young children.
- Awareness among otolaryngologists and pediatricians is vital due to the prevalence of tuberculosis.
- Prompt diagnosis and management, including bronchoscopic intervention, can significantly improve outcomes.
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