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Related Experiment Videos

Trabecular bone density and menstrual function in women runners.

S D Cook1, A F Harding, K A Thomas

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.

The American Journal of Sports Medicine
|September 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Oligomenorrheic female runners show lower bone mineral density and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels compared to eumenorrheic runners. This suggests a link between menstrual irregularities and osteopenia risk in athletes.

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Area of Science:

  • Bone Metabolism and Endocrinology
  • Sports Medicine and Physiology
  • Reproductive Health in Athletes

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mineral mass and density.
  • Estrogen deficiency is linked to osteoporosis in women.
  • Menstrual irregularities in female athletes may impact bone health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate bone mineral density (BMD) in female runners with oligomenorrhea versus eumenorrhea.
  • To explore correlations between menstrual function, parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, and BMD.
  • To assess the role of diet in bone health among these athletes.

Main Methods:

  • Dual photon absorptiometry used for lumbar spine BMD scans in 36 female runners (ages 15-44).
  • Participants categorized as oligomenorrheic (n=19) or eumenorrheic (n=17).

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  • Serum calcium, phosphorus, PTH, and complete blood counts were analyzed; dietary habits were logged.

    • Main Results:

    • Oligomenorrheic runners exhibited significantly lower calibrated bone mineral density (CBMD) than eumenorrheic runners (P ≤ 0.01).
    • Significantly lower serum PTH levels were observed in oligomenorrheic runners (P ≤ 0.01).
    • No significant differences in dietary habits, calcium, or caloric intake were found between groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Reduced serum PTH levels are associated with the oligomenorrheic state in female runners.
    • Estrogen deficiency in oligomenorrheic athletes may contribute to reduced BMD and osteopenia.
    • Menstrual irregularities are a potential risk factor for decreased bone density in female athletes.