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Allergic Fungal Otomastoiditis: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Abhijeet Singh1, Anand Subash1, Neha Kumari2
1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Abstract:
Allergic fungal otomastoiditis, a rare known entity has only been published as case reports in literature. There have been 3 cases of adult and 1 case of pediatric allergic fungal otomastoiditis reported as of now. A young male had unilateral otorrhea and hearing difficulty for four years. The audiogram revealed moderate conductive hearing loss and radiograph showed complete opacification of tympanic cavity. He underwent tympano-mastoidectomy, showing polypoidal granulations and thick mucoid discharge. The histopathology was a surprise diagnosis of Allergic fungal otomastoiditis. The clinical and histopathological appearance of this entity matches allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. After extensive review of literature, we propose a working criterion for early identification of allergic fungal otomastoiditis in otolaryngology setting.
Insights
Allergic fungal otomastoiditis is a rare condition. This study reports a case and proposes criteria for its early identification in otolaryngology settings.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Pathology
Background:
- Allergic fungal otomastoiditis is an exceptionally rare condition, with limited documented cases in medical literature.
- Previous reports include three adult and one pediatric case.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case of allergic fungal otomastoiditis in a young male.
- To propose working criteria for the early identification of this condition in otolaryngology.
Main Methods:
- A case study of a young male with chronic unilateral otorrhea and hearing loss.
- Diagnostic procedures included audiogram and radiography.
- Surgical intervention via tympano-mastoidectomy with histopathological examination.
Main Results:
- The patient presented with moderate conductive hearing loss and opacification of the tympanic cavity.
- Tympano-mastoidectomy revealed polypoidal granulations and thick mucoid discharge.
- Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of allergic fungal otomastoiditis.
Conclusions:
- The clinical and histopathological findings are consistent with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis.
- Proposed working criteria may aid in the early diagnosis of allergic fungal otomastoiditis.
- Further research is needed to establish definitive diagnostic guidelines.
