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Prevalence of and factors independently associated with digital ischemic complications in patients with systemic

Theerajet Guayboon1, Chayawee Muangchan2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Journal of Scleroderma and Related Disorders
|February 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Digital ischemic complications are common in systemic sclerosis, with over half developing new issues within a year. Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis is a major predictor, highlighting the need for early intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Dermatology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) frequently causes digital ischemic complications.
  • Understanding predictors is crucial for managing SSc-related vascular issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of digital ischemic complications in SSc patients.
  • To identify independent predictors for these complications.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 171 SSc patients from the Siriraj SSc Cohort (2013-2019).
  • Assessment of digital pulp loss, pitting scars, ulcers, and amputations at baseline and 1-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Over half (58.5%) of SSc patients developed new digital ischemic complications within one year.
  • Digital ischemic complications at baseline significantly increased risk (OR: 15.9).
  • Diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) was strongly associated with complications (OR: 6.0), pitting scars (OR: 4.9), and pulp loss (OR: 6.4).
  • Other predictors included tendon friction rub, salt-and-pepper skin, disease duration >3 years, and male gender.

Conclusions:

  • Digital pulp loss, pitting scars, ulcers, and amputations are common in SSc.
  • Diffuse cutaneous SSc is the strongest independent predictor of digital ischemic complications.
Abstract

Keywords:
Prevalencedigital ischemic complicationsfactorspatientssystemic sclerosis

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