Scapular Dyskinesis in the Athletic Patient: A Sport-Specific Review

Scapular dyskinesis is an alteration of normal scapular kinematics. It is essential that each patient be evaluated holistically and that sport-related factors be taken into account.

The presentation of scapular dyskinesis may be highly variable depending on the underlying etiology or associated pathology, but the onset of symptoms is often gradual.

Sport-specific literature on scapular dyskinesis is most commonly reported in the context of baseball, swimming, and tennis. Treatment is most often conservative and involves physical therapy directed at the scapular stabilizers.