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Rates Of Preterm Birth And Low Birthweight: An Analysis Of Racial And Ethnic Populations

Clare C Brown1, Jennifer E Moore2, J Mick Tilford3

  • 1Clare C. Brown (ccbrown@uams.edu), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas; and Institute for Medicaid Innovation, Washington, D.C.

Health Affairs (Project Hope)
|February 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Racial and ethnic disparities in infant health are significant, with low birthweight rates varying up to 2.3-fold among different groups. Granular analysis is crucial to address the root causes of these inequities in infant outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Perinatal Epidemiology
  • Health Disparities Research

Background:

  • Infant health outcomes like low birthweight and prematurity exhibit significant racial and ethnic disparities.
  • Existing data often lacks the granularity to fully understand these variations within broad racial and ethnic categories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate variations in low birthweight and prematurity rates across detailed racial and ethnic subcategories.
  • To highlight the need for more granular data analysis to address inequities in infant health outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) spanning 2016-2020.
  • Analyzed birthweight and gestational age data, stratifying by specific racial and ethnic subcategories.

Main Results:

  • Observed substantial variations in low birthweight rates among different racial and ethnic subcategories, with some disparities reaching 2.3-fold.
  • Identified significant differences in prematurity rates across these granular subcategories.

Conclusions:

  • The study underscores the critical need for detailed data stratification by racial and ethnic subcategories.
  • Addressing the root causes of inequities in infant outcomes requires a granular approach to data analysis and intervention.

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