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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

2.5K
The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
2.5K
Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

5.0K
A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

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In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Published on: January 29, 2014

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The complement system testing in clinical laboratory.

Xuewei Ding1, Ayub Qamar1, Hui Liu1

  • 1College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|February 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system, crucial for innate immunity, requires standardized clinical testing. Comprehensive analysis of complement activity and components is recommended for accurate immunological assessment.

Keywords:
Clinical ImmunologyComplement system testingIndividual components of the complement systemTotal complement activity

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 11, 2025

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Measuring the 50% Haemolytic Complement CH50 Activity of Serum
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Innate Immune Surveillance

Background:

  • The complement system is vital for host defense, inflammation, and immune cell homeostasis.
  • Understanding its role in organismal life processes has advanced significantly.
  • Current clinical laboratory testing for complement is neither widespread nor systematic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complement system's physiological functions and disease relevance.
  • To evaluate the current status of complement system testing in clinical laboratories.
  • To propose a systematic protocol for clinical complement testing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on complement system physiology and pathology.
  • Analysis of existing complement testing methodologies and their limitations.
  • Exploration of strategies for standardized complement component detection and activity assays.

Main Results:

  • The complement system plays a pivotal role in immunity and homeostasis.
  • Existing complement testing lacks standardization and widespread clinical adoption.
  • Standardized preparation of complement standards is suggested due to complement's easy inactivation.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic clinical laboratory protocol for complement testing is needed.
  • Comprehensive assessment of complement activity and components is recommended.
  • Standardization of complement testing will improve diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.