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A solid phase urease-linked cellular immunosorbent assay for circulating polymorphonuclear binding immunoglobulin.

J P Crowley¹, A Ragosta, A C Homans

¹Division of Clinical Hematology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02902.

Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science

|September 1, 1987

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A new assay detects polymorphonuclear granulocyte binding immunoglobulin (PBG) in patient sera. This method shows promise for identifying autoimmune and isoimmune PMN antibodies and immune complexes.

Area of Science:

Immunology
Clinical Chemistry

Background:

Autoimmune and isoimmune neutropenia are serious conditions.
Detecting polymorphonuclear granulocyte binding immunoglobulin (PBG) is crucial for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a cellular enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CELISA) for detecting PBG in patient sera.
To assess the utility of the PBG-CELISA in identifying autoimmune and isoimmune PMN antibodies.

Main Methods:

A solid-phase microtiter assay utilizing urease-conjugated antihuman globulin and glutaraldehyde-fixed polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).
Detection of circulating PBG in sera from patients with suspected idiopathic neutropenia, isoimmune neonatal neutropenia, and those receiving multiple blood transfusions.

Main Results:

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The PBG-CELISA detected PBG in 31% of idiopathic neutropenia cases and one case of isoimmune neonatal neutropenia.
Significantly elevated PBG levels were observed in 33% of patients with chronic anemia receiving multiple blood transfusions compared to healthy donors (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The PBG-CELISA is a potentially valuable tool for detecting autoimmune and isoimmune PMN antibodies.
The assay may aid in identifying PMN binding IgG immune complexes, offering diagnostic insights for various neutropenic conditions.