Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

41.9K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
41.9K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.5K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.5K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

17.3K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
17.3K
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

24.1K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
24.1K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

118.8K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
118.8K
Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

1.6K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Utilization of Intravenous Iron Therapy and Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Emergency Department Patients with Anemia: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Staged endovascular management for non-maturing arteriovenous fistulas: A single-center retrospective cohort study.

The journal of vascular access·2026
Same author

Steroid administration, timing, and dose in patients with septic shock in the emergency department: retrospective analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Early Immune Alterations in Adult Patients with Trauma According to Injury Severity: Cell-Death Patterns and Inflammatory Mediator Profiles.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Spherical Sn Deposition Enabled by Lignosulfonate for Stable Aqueous Sn Metal Batteries.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Rice paper adsorbent for gold recovery.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2025

In Situ Neutron Powder Diffraction Using Custom-made Lithium-ion Batteries
11:25

In Situ Neutron Powder Diffraction Using Custom-made Lithium-ion Batteries

Published on: November 10, 2014

15.8K

Strong Anionic Repulsion for Fast Na Kinetics in P2-Type Layered Oxides.

Dohyeong Kwon1, Sung-Joon Park2, Jaewoon Lee1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Republic of Korea.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|February 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Introducing a "potential pillar" effect to enhance sodium-ion battery cathodes, this study reveals Ti doping in P2-type oxides significantly boosts sodium-ion kinetics for high-power applications.

Keywords:
NiMn binary oxidesfirst-principles calculationsoxygen redoxsodium-ion batteriessodium-ion kinetics

More Related Videos

High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles
09:56

High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles

Published on: June 28, 2019

5.8K
Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

25.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 11, 2025

In Situ Neutron Powder Diffraction Using Custom-made Lithium-ion Batteries
11:25

In Situ Neutron Powder Diffraction Using Custom-made Lithium-ion Batteries

Published on: November 10, 2014

15.8K
High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles
09:56

High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles

Published on: June 28, 2019

5.8K
Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

25.5K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) require high-power-density cathodes.
  • Oxygen redox (OR) is a promising but kinetically limited mechanism in SIBs.
  • P2-type oxides are potential cathode materials for SIBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate the "potential pillar" effect for enhancing Na kinetics during OR in P2-type oxides.
  • To investigate the role of Ti doping in improving cathode performance.
  • To establish a fundamental understanding of Na kinetics and OR in Na2/3[Mn6/9Ni3/9]O2 (NMNO) and Na2/3[Ti1/9Mn5/9Ni3/9]O2 (NTMNO).

Main Methods:

  • First-principles calculations to model structural and electronic properties.
  • Fundamental electrochemical experiments (e.g., rate capability tests).
  • Detailed electrochemical and structural analyses.

Main Results:

  • The "potential pillar" effect, facilitated by Ti doping in NTMNO, lowers the Na migration barrier.
  • NTMNO exhibits significantly faster Na kinetics compared to NMNO during OR.
  • Ti doping enhances the rate capability of P2-type oxides for OR.
  • Oxygen oxidation leads to a moderate decrease in NTMNO interlayer distance, unlike NMNO.

Conclusions:

  • The "potential pillar" concept effectively improves sluggish Na kinetics during OR in SIB cathodes.
  • Ti doping is a viable strategy to harness anionic redox for high-power-density SIBs.
  • Understanding the coordination environment is crucial for optimizing OR activity.