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Bone and joint tuberculosis in paediatrics: a 13-year retrospective study.
Catarina Gouveia1,2, Mafalda Félix Cabral1, Pedro Jordão3
1Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitàrio Lisboa Central (CHULC) - EPE, Lisbon, Portugal.
Journal of Medical Microbiology
|February 7, 2023
Summary
Pediatric bone and joint tuberculosis (BJTB) is challenging to diagnose and leads to significant complications, especially in foreign-born children. Long-term follow-up is crucial for managing this rare condition.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Bone and joint tuberculosis (BJTB) is rare in developed countries, particularly in children.
- Clinical features and sequelae of pediatric BJTB in Europe are not well characterized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the management and outcomes of pediatric BJTB.
- To characterize the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and complications of pediatric BJTB.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal observational study of pediatric patients (0-17 years) diagnosed with BJTB between 2008-2020.
- Data collected on clinical symptoms, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- 18 pediatric patients identified; 88.9% were foreign-born.
- Spinal TB (STB) affected 72.2%, extra-spinal TB (ESTB) 50%; 88.9% experienced acute complications.
- Sequelae were present at 12-month follow-up in 46.7%, more common in foreign-born patients.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric BJTB presents diagnostic challenges and high morbidity, necessitating extended follow-up.
- An increase in foreign-born pediatric BJTB cases was observed, associated with longer treatment and more complications.
- Early diagnosis and comprehensive management are essential for improving outcomes in pediatric BJTB.
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