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Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Russell W H Kridel1,2, Megan L Swonke2, Nicole Starr1
1Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Houston, Texas, USA.
Facelift surgery aims for improved facial contours without obvious scars. This technique refines incision planning and surgical methods to create nearly invisible facelift scars for better patient satisfaction.
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