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Bone mineral content in bronchopulmonary dysplasia
S Ryan1, P J Congdon, A Horsman
1Regional Neonatal Surgical and Intensive Care Unit, General Infirmary, Leeds.
Archives of Disease in Childhood
|September 1, 1987
Summary
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants is linked to longer oxygen use and more dexamethasone and frusemide treatments. Despite this, bone mineral content was similar and severely low in both groups compared to full-term infants.
Area of Science:
- Neonatology
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Pediatric Endocrinology
Background:
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a significant complication in preterm infants.
- Infants with BPD often require prolonged respiratory support and medical interventions.
- Nutritional status, particularly bone health, is a concern in these vulnerable infants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare bone mineral content in preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
- To investigate potential associations between clinical factors and bone mineralization in BPD.
- To assess calcium intake relative to intrauterine needs in preterm infants.
Main Methods:
- Radiological diagnosis of BPD was used for group classification.
- Clinical histories were reviewed for oxygen exposure, dexamethasone, and frusemide use.
- Bone mineral content was measured using photon absorptiometry at the mid-forearm.
- Measurements were taken at or near 40 weeks postconceptional age.
Main Results:
- Infants with BPD experienced longer supplemental oxygen, more dexamethasone, and higher frusemide doses.
- No significant difference in mid-forearm bone mineral content was observed between BPD and non-BPD groups.
- Both groups exhibited severe undermineralization compared to full-term infants.
- Mean daily calcium intake was approximately half of the estimated daily intrauterine accretion in both groups.
Conclusions:
- Clinical factors like oxygen, dexamethasone, and frusemide are associated with BPD development.
- BPD itself does not appear to significantly impact bone mineral content at 40 weeks postconceptional age.
- Preterm infants, with or without BPD, are at high risk for severe undermineralization, highlighting inadequate calcium intake relative to fetal accretion rates.