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The geometry of evolutionary conflict.

Petri Rautiala¹, Andy Gardner¹

¹School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Greenside Place, St Andrews KY16 9TH, UK.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences

|February 7, 2023

Summary

Evolutionary conflict drives traits away from optimal states, causing hyper-maladaptation and para-maladaptation. Modular design can mitigate these negative evolutionary outcomes.

Keywords:

Fisher's geometric model conflict cost of complexity major transitions maladaptation modularity

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Theoretical biology
Game theory

Background:

Evolutionary conflict arises at various biological scales, from genes to societies.
Understanding the dynamics and consequences of evolutionary conflict is a significant scientific challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the dynamics and consequences of evolutionary conflict using a novel development of R. A. Fisher's geometric model of adaptation.
To investigate how evolutionary conflict leads to maladaptation.

Main Methods:

Development of R. A. Fisher's classic geometric model of adaptation.
Mathematical modeling of evolutionary conflict dynamics.

Main Results:

Evolutionary conflict can drive traits far from optimal positions, leading to hyper-maladaptation.
Contested traits are often driven outside the zone of conflict.
Evolutionary conflicts cause persistent maladaptation in non-contested traits (para-maladaptation).

Conclusions:

Modular design significantly reduces conflict-driven maladaptation.
Modular design facilitates major transitions in individuality by ameliorating evolutionary conflict.