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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

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Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

2.6K
Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing
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Room-temperature spin injection from a ferromagnetic semiconductor.

Shobhit Goel1,2, Nguyen Huynh Duy Khang3,4, Yuki Osada3

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. shobhit09115@gmail.com.

Scientific Reports
|February 8, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved room-temperature spin injection using a ferromagnetic semiconductor and a topological insulator. This breakthrough utilizes spin pumping and the inverse spin Hall effect, paving the way for novel spintronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Room-temperature spin injection is crucial for spintronic devices.
  • Challenges exist due to the lack of reliable room-temperature ferromagnetism in conventional semiconductors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate room-temperature spin injection from a ferromagnetic semiconductor (FMS).
  • To overcome limitations of conventional semiconductor materials for spintronic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a BiSb/ (Ga,Fe)Sb heterostructure.
  • Utilizing spin pumping technique for spin injection.
  • Employing the large inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in BiSb to detect spin injection.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of room-temperature spin injection from (Ga,Fe)Sb, a ferromagnetic semiconductor.
  • Detection of spin injection despite the low magnetization of (Ga,Fe)Sb at room temperature.
  • Leveraging the significant ISHE in BiSb, a topological insulator (TI), for sensitive detection.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first successful room-temperature spin injection from a ferromagnetic semiconductor.
  • The BiSb/(Ga,Fe)Sb heterostructure offers a promising platform for future spintronic devices.
  • Highlights the potential of combining ferromagnetic semiconductors with topological insulators for advanced functionalities.