Red clover supplementation modifies rumen fermentation and promotes feed efficiency in ram lambs

Area of Science:

• Animal Science
• Ruminant Nutrition
• Microbiology

Background:

• Red clover contains isoflavones like biochanin A, known for microbiological effects in the rumen.
• These compounds have shown potential for promoting growth in beef cattle.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of red clover hay supplementation on rumen microbiota.
• To determine if red clover hay improves growth performance in lambs.

Main Methods:

• Twenty-four ram lambs were fed diets with varying levels of red clover hay (0%, 7.5%, 15%) for 56 days.
• Feed intake, weight gain, and rumen microbial populations were monitored.
• In vitro dry matter digestibility was assessed.

Main Results:

• Lambs fed red clover hay showed increased average daily gains (ADG) and improved feed efficiency.
• Dry matter intake (DMI) was reduced in lambs supplemented with red clover.
• Red clover supplementation decreased hyper-ammonia-producing bacteria and amylolytic bacteria while increasing cellulolytic bacteria in the rumen.
• Fiber utilization and dry matter digestibility were enhanced.

Conclusions:

• Supplementation with red clover hay positively influences growth performance in lambs.
• Red clover hay alters rumen microbial populations, leading to improved feed efficiency and fiber utilization.
• Low levels of red clover hay are effective in high-concentrate lamb finishing systems.