Ichthyosis vulgaris: An updated review

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Genetics
• Ichthyosis Research

Background:

• Ichthyosis vulgaris is the most common inherited ichthyosis subtype, affecting over 95% of cases.
• It results from filaggrin gene mutations, compromising the skin's protective barrier function.
• Clinical manifestations include xerosis, keratosis pilaris, and palmoplantar hyperlinearity, typically evident by age five.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated review on the clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluation, and therapeutic strategies for ichthyosis vulgaris.
• To highlight current treatment options and emerging research for this prevalent genetic skin condition.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of ichthyosis vulgaris, focusing on genetics, clinical presentation, and treatment modalities.
• Analysis of existing therapeutic approaches, including topical agents and novel systemic treatments.

Main Results:

• Ichthyosis vulgaris is primarily caused by filaggrin gene mutations leading to impaired stratum corneum.
• Commonly prescribed treatments include urea-based creams, ceramides, and ammonium lactate lotions.
• Emerging treatments like risankizumab and enhanced natural moisturizing factors show promise but require further investigation.

Conclusions:

• Ichthyosis vulgaris requires lifelong management, as no cure currently exists.
• Current treatments focus on symptom alleviation and improving the quality of life for affected individuals.
• Further research into novel therapeutic targets is essential for advancing ichthyosis vulgaris care.