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Progress report on the ASHI/CAP Histocompatibility Survey Program, 1981-1986.

R J Duquesnoy1, M Marrari, R H Walker

  • 1Division of Clinical Immunopathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213-3417.

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|December 1, 1987
PubMed
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Histocompatibility testing surveys revealed high consistency in Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing among over 200 laboratories. However, HLA antibody screening showed less consistency, leading to a new performance grading system.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Clinical Pathology

Background:

  • Histocompatibility testing is crucial for organ transplantation and transfusion medicine.
  • Standardization in histocompatibility testing is essential for accurate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the consistency and accuracy of histocompatibility testing across multiple laboratories.
  • To identify areas of high and low inter-laboratory agreement in Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing and antibody screening.

Main Methods:

  • Two surveys were conducted over five years involving over 200 laboratories.
  • Participants performed ABO, HLA-A, -B, -DR, -DQ typing, antibody identification, and crossmatching on provided samples.
  • Data analysis focused on inter-laboratory agreement for antigen definition and antibody screening.

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Main Results:

  • High consistency (over 90%) was observed among laboratories for defining most recognized HLA antigens.
  • Inter-laboratory consistency was generally lower for HLA antibody screening.
  • A performance grading system was developed based on a 90% consensus threshold.

Conclusions:

  • While HLA antigen typing demonstrates strong inter-laboratory concordance, HLA antibody screening requires further standardization.
  • The developed performance grading system can help improve the quality of histocompatibility testing.
  • These findings are vital for enhancing the reliability of HLA testing in clinical settings.