Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

58.9K
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
58.9K
Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties02:56

Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties

21.2K
21.2K
Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces03:00

Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces

88.0K
Intermolecular forces (IMF) are electrostatic attractions arising from charge-charge interactions between molecules. The strength of the intermolecular force is influenced by the distance of separation between molecules. The forces significantly affect the interactions in solids and liquids, where the molecules are close together. In gases, IMFs become important only under high-pressure conditions (due to the proximity of gas molecules). Intermolecular forces dictate the physical properties of...
88.0K
Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility02:34

Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility

44.8K
Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that exist between molecules. They dictate several bulk properties, such as melting points, boiling points, and solubilities (miscibilities) of substances. Molar mass, molecular shape, and polarity affect the strength of different intermolecular forces, which influence the magnitude of physical properties across a family of molecules.
Temporary attractive forces like dispersion are present in all molecules, whether they are polar or nonpolar. They...
44.8K
Force and Potential Energy in One Dimension01:13

Force and Potential Energy in One Dimension

5.5K
Force can be calculated from the expression for potential energy, which is a function of position. The component of a conservative force, in a particular direction, equals the negative of the derivative of the corresponding potential energy with respect to the displacement in that direction. For regions where potential energy changes rapidly with displacement, the work done and force is maximum. Also, when force is applied along the positive coordinate axis, the potential energy decreases with...
5.5K
Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

64.3K
Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
64.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Machine-Learned Leftmost Hessian Eigenvectors for Robust Transition State Finding.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026
Same author

Energetics of Noncovalent Interactions of Protein-Ligand Complexes for Drug Discovery.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2026
Same author

Correction: Capturing electronic substituent effect with effective atomic orbitals.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

A non-innocent radical-anionic nitrosoarene ligand regularizes a formal palladium(I) complex to palladium(II).

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2026
Same author

Toward Hydrogen Isotope Separations through Strong Hydrogen Adsorption at Open Copper(I) Sites in an Ultramicroporous Metal-Organic Framework.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Sensing the acidity of hydrogen bond networks.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy
10:37

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy

Published on: March 16, 2020

9.7K

Force Decomposition Analysis: A Method to Decompose Intermolecular Forces into Physically Relevant Component

Abdulrahman Aldossary1, Martí Gimferrer2, Yuezhi Mao3

  • 1Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley California 94720, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
|February 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

We introduce Force Decomposition Analysis (FDA), a new method to break down intermolecular forces into physical components. FDA complements Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA) for deeper chemical insights and data analysis.

More Related Videos

Investigating Single Molecule Adhesion by Atomic Force Spectroscopy
09:48

Investigating Single Molecule Adhesion by Atomic Force Spectroscopy

Published on: February 27, 2015

10.4K
Molecular Spring Constant Analysis by Biomembrane Force Probe Spectroscopy
08:10

Molecular Spring Constant Analysis by Biomembrane Force Probe Spectroscopy

Published on: November 20, 2021

3.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy
10:37

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy

Published on: March 16, 2020

9.7K
Investigating Single Molecule Adhesion by Atomic Force Spectroscopy
09:48

Investigating Single Molecule Adhesion by Atomic Force Spectroscopy

Published on: February 27, 2015

10.4K
Molecular Spring Constant Analysis by Biomembrane Force Probe Spectroscopy
08:10

Molecular Spring Constant Analysis by Biomembrane Force Probe Spectroscopy

Published on: November 20, 2021

3.1K

Area of Science:

  • Computational Quantum Chemistry
  • Theoretical Chemistry
  • Chemical Physics

Background:

  • Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA) is a key method in computational quantum chemistry for understanding intermolecular interactions.
  • EDA typically decomposes interaction energy into electrostatic, Pauli repulsion, dispersion, and charge-transfer components using Density Functional Theory (DFT).
  • Existing methods primarily focus on energy decomposition, with less emphasis on the direct decomposition of forces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate and implement a Force Decomposition Analysis (FDA) method.
  • To complement EDA by decomposing intermolecular forces into the same physical components.
  • To explore FDA's utility for chemical understanding and data analysis, including training physics-based force fields.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of FDA based on Absolutely Localized Molecular Orbitals (ALMOs).
  • Analysis of intermolecular interactions involving water with sodium and chloride ions.
  • Investigation of forces in the water dimer and CO2 adsorption on gold/silver anions.
  • Comparison of FDA-derived force components with those from an EDA-based force field (MB-UCB) for water clusters.

Main Results:

  • FDA successfully decomposes intermolecular forces into physically meaningful components (electrostatics, Pauli repulsion, dispersion, charge transfer).
  • Applied FDA to diverse systems, including ion-water interactions, water dimer, and CO2-metal anion interactions, revealing detailed force contributions.
  • Demonstrated FDA's potential for analyzing geometric changes in molecules upon adsorption and for comparing with existing force field models.

Conclusions:

  • FDA offers a powerful new approach to analyze intermolecular forces, providing complementary insights to EDA.
  • The method is versatile, applicable to various chemical systems and useful for developing and validating force fields.
  • FDA enhances the ability to understand the physical origins of chemical interactions and molecular behavior.