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Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition
Published on: February 5, 2022
Multiple roles of ferric chloride in preparing efficient magnetic hydrochar for sorption of methylene blue from water
Xiao-Na Sun1, Kun Yu1, Jiong-Hua He1
1College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China.
Abstract:
Highly efficient and cheap magnetic materials have application prospects in wastewater treatment. Herein, Fe3O4-loaded hydrochar (HC-Fe3O4) was obtained from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of bamboo with FeCl3 and then added with FeCl3 to form a magnetic sorbent via simple precipitation. The HC-Fe3O4 was characterized with various instruments. The characterizations show FeCl3 plays at least two roles as a catalyst and an oxidant in HTC. The specific surface area of hydrochar enlarged from 39.9731 to 60.9887 m2·g-1 after the addition of FeCl3 during HTC, which showed FeCl3 acted as a catalyst in HTC. XRD indicated Fe3O4 was formed by the structure of HC-Fe3O4, which indicated Fe(III) was reduced to Fe(II) during HTC. Sorption of methylene blue (MB) onto HC-Fe3O4 was better fitted by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Sorption is a spontaneous thermodynamic endothermic process and HC-Fe3O4 is easily separated by an applied magnetic field and reused.
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