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Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

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Smart antimicrobial Pickering emulsion stabilized by pH-responsive cellulose-based nanoparticles.

Qing Meng¹, Zhou Xue¹, Shunli Chen¹

¹College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

|February 8, 2023

Summary

Responsive cellulose nanoparticles were developed to create smart antimicrobial Pickering emulsions. These pH-responsive materials enable controlled release of oregano essential oil, offering enhanced antimicrobial activity.

Keywords:

Oregano essential oil Pickering emulsion Polyethyleneimine Smart antimicrobial material pH-responsive nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Biochemistry

Background:

Responsive antimicrobial materials offer controlled release of active agents.
Cellulose nanocrystals are versatile platforms for material functionalization.

Purpose of the Study:

To design pH-responsive cellulose-based nanoparticles (TOCNC-g-PEI).
To develop smart antimicrobial Pickering emulsions using oregano essential oil (OEO) and these nanoparticles.
To investigate the pH-responsive release and antimicrobial efficacy of the developed emulsion.

Main Methods:

Grafting polyethyleneimine (PEI) onto carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (TOCNC).
Fabrication of Pickering emulsions by emulsifying OEO with TOCNC-g-PEI nanoparticles.
Evaluation of nanoparticle properties (size, dispersion, contact angle) and emulsion characteristics (stability, OEO encapsulation).
Assessment of pH-responsive OEO release kinetics and antimicrobial activity.

Main Results:

TOCNC-g-PEI nanoparticles exhibited uniform size, good dispersion, and pH-responsive contact angles.
The developed Pickering emulsion demonstrated high stability and efficient OEO encapsulation (98.56%).
Controlled release of OEO was observed, with rapid release within 0-12 h and sustained release thereafter.
The emulsion achieved significant antimicrobial rates, reaching 100% at pH 4.0 and over 96.10% at pH 8.0 after 4 h stimulation.

Conclusions:

pH-responsive cellulose-based nanoparticles can effectively create smart antimicrobial Pickering emulsions.
The developed system enables controlled release of oregano essential oil in response to pH changes.
This technology holds promise for developing advanced antimicrobial materials with tunable efficacy.