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Dysfunctional Cortical Gradient Topography in Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder.

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|February 8, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is linked to altered brain connectivity. Patients with TRD show reduced cortical gradient dispersion, particularly in limbic networks, correlating with anxiety and depression symptoms.

Keywords:
Connectivity gradientsDefault mode networkFunctional connectivityGraph theoryTreatment-resistant major depressive disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) affects many patients with major depressive disorder who do not respond to multiple antidepressant treatments.
  • The underlying neurobiology of TRD is not well understood.
  • Cortical connectivity gradients, which organize brain information flow, are altered in psychiatric disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how TRD affects gradient-based hierarchical organization of the cortex.
  • To examine the relationship between cortical gradient architecture and network topology in TRD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 56 TRD patients and 28 healthy controls.
  • Extraction of cortical gradient dispersion measures and comparison between groups.
  • Association of gradient measures with graph theory network topology and clinical assessments of depression, anxiety, and mindfulness.

Main Results:

  • Patients with TRD exhibited reduced cortical gradient dispersion within intrinsic brain networks compared to controls.
  • Decreased gradient dispersion correlated with increased network degree in graph theory analysis.
  • Lower dispersion in default mode, control, and limbic networks was associated with higher baseline anxiety, depression, and lower mindfulness.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest widespread alterations in cortical gradient architecture in TRD.
  • Transmodal and limbic networks play a crucial role in the manifestation of depression, anxiety, and mindfulness deficits in TRD.