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Related Concept Videos

Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

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Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
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Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing CryoEM Sample Preparation Using Graphene Monolayer on Microscopy Grids
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Epoxidized graphene grid for highly efficient high-resolution cryoEM structural analysis.

Junso Fujita1,2,3, Fumiaki Makino1,2,4, Haruyasu Asahara3,5

  • 1Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.

Scientific Reports
|February 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A novel epoxidized graphene grid (EG-grid™) enhances protein particle adsorption for electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM). This tool enables highly efficient, high-resolution structural analysis of biological macromolecules.

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Preparation of High-Temperature Sample Grids for Cryo-EM
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Graphene functionalization is crucial for diverse applications, including industry and biochemistry.
  • Developing stable, functionalized graphene materials is essential for advanced scientific tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, stable, and functionalized graphene material for enhanced electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM).
  • To demonstrate the utility of the epoxidized graphene grid (EG-grid™) for high-resolution structural analysis of biological macromolecules.

Main Methods:

  • Oxidative modification of graphene using photoactivated chlorine dioxide (ClO2·) as a mild oxidant.
  • Chemical functionalization to create the epoxidized graphene grid (EG-grid™).
  • Testing EG-grid™ performance in adsorbing protein particles for cryoEM analysis.

Main Results:

  • The EG-grid™ demonstrated enhanced protein particle density and orientation distribution in cryoEM.
  • High-resolution density maps were achieved for GroEL (1.99 Å), GAPDH (2.16 Å), and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (3.10 Å) with minimal micrographs.
  • Atomic-resolution imaging was demonstrated for β-galactosidase (1.81 Å) and apoferritin (1.29 Å).

Conclusions:

  • The EG-grid™ is a stable, functionalized graphene material suitable for cryoEM applications.
  • This material significantly improves efficiency and resolution in cryoEM structural determination.
  • EG-grid™ represents a powerful tool for advancing the structural analysis of biological macromolecules.