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Correlations between different plaque indexes and bleeding on probing: A concurrent validity study.

Ana-Paula Carvalho1, Marcela-Faria Moura1, Fernando-Oliveira Costa1

  • 1School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, Periodontology Division, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
|February 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Several dental plaque indexes showed good concurrent validity with bleeding on probing (BOP) in cross-sectional studies, particularly in individuals with healthy gums. The O'Leary (OL) index demonstrated weaker correlations.

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Area of Science:

  • Periodontology
  • Dental Diagnostics

Background:

  • Periodontal inflammation assessment relies on plaque indexes, especially those focusing on interproximal areas and gingival margins.
  • Accurate plaque assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing periodontal diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the concurrent validity of seven dental plaque indexes against bleeding on probing (BOP).
  • To compare the performance of plaque indexes across different periodontal health statuses.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 183 individuals with complete periodontal examinations.
  • Spearman correlations were used to assess the relationship between plaque indexes (Greene & Vermillion, Quigley & Hein modified by Turesky, Silness & Löe, Ainamo & Bay, O'Leary, Deinzer) and BOP percentages across different oral surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Moderate correlations were observed between most plaque indexes and BOP, with the O'Leary index showing weak correlations.
  • Concurrent validity was strongest in the gingival health group, with Ainamo & Bay, Greene & Vermillion, and Deinzer indexes showing strong correlations with overall BOP.
  • Validity decreased in gingivitis and periodontitis groups, with many correlations becoming weak or non-significant.

Conclusions:

  • The Greene & Vermillion (GV), Quigley & Hein modified by Turesky (QHT), Silness & Löe (SL), Ainamo & Bay (AB), and Deinzer (DZ) indexes demonstrate good concurrent validity with BOP in cross-sectional evaluations.
  • Plaque index selection may be influenced by the specific periodontal health status of the patient population.
  • These findings support the use of certain plaque indexes for assessing periodontal health and disease progression.