Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2025
04:36
Murine Superficial Lymph Node Surgery
Published on: May 21, 2012
42.6K
Sepsis-induced changes in differentiation, maintenance, and function of memory CD8 T cell subsets
Mohammad Heidarian1, Thomas S Griffith2,3, Vladimir P Badovinac1,4
1Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States.
Frontiers in Immunology
|February 9, 2023
Summary
Sepsis significantly reduces memory CD8 T cells, impairing adaptive immunity and vaccine effectiveness. This impacts their function and long-term protective capacity upon re-encountering antigens.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Adaptive immunity relies on long-lasting memory lymphocytes, crucial for vaccination strategies.
- Memory CD8 T cells, distinct from naïve cells, provide enhanced responses upon antigen re-encounter.
- Heterogeneity exists within memory CD8 T cell subsets regarding localization, cytotoxicity, and proliferation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review memory CD8 T cell subsets.
- To examine the impact of sepsis on memory CD8 T cell biology, including immediate and long-term effects.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article, synthesizing existing research on memory CD8 T cells and sepsis.
- Analysis of literature on CD8 T cell differentiation, memory formation, and sepsis-induced immune alterations.
Main Results:
- Sepsis causes a significant decline in memory CD8 T cell numbers.
- Sepsis diminishes both antigen-dependent and -independent functions of memory CD8 T cells.
- Sepsis alters the transcriptional profile of memory CD8 T cells, affecting differentiation and protective capacity.
Conclusions:
- Sepsis profoundly impacts memory CD8 T cell populations and their functions.
- Understanding sepsis-induced changes is critical for immune memory and future therapeutic strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:22T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
2.0K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
2.0K
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
1.2K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.2K
01:23Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
2.3K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
2.3K
01:15Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells
3.3K
Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
3.3K
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
3.0K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
3.0K
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
69.6K
Overview
69.6K