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Updated: Aug 11, 2025

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
Published on: April 7, 2014
Menopause
Andrea E Carter1, Sarah Merriam2
1Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, MUH W923, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Abstract:
Menopause, which is defined as the point in time 12 months after a woman's final menstrual period, is marked by a decrease in estrogen and accompanying symptoms including vasomotor and genitourinary symptoms. Hormone therapy is the most effective treatment of vasomotor symptoms and is first-line in women with moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms who are early in the menopausal transition and do not have a contraindication. Nonhormonal pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments are also available for the treatment of menopause-related symptoms for women who prefer to avoid hormones or who have a contraindication to hormone therapy.
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