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n-3 Essential fatty acids decrease weight gain in genetically obese mice.

S C Cunnane1, K R McAdoo, D F Horrobin

  • 1Efamol Research Institute, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada.

The British Journal of Nutrition
|July 1, 1986
PubMed
Summary
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Cod liver oil (CLO) reduced weight gain and thromboxane synthesis in obese mice by replacing n-6 fatty acids with n-3 fatty acids, impacting prostaglandin production.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Obesity is linked to altered lipid metabolism and inflammation.
  • Dietary fatty acids play a crucial role in modulating metabolic processes and inflammatory pathways.
  • Understanding the impact of different fat sources on obesity is essential for developing effective dietary interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of evening primrose oil (EPO) and cod liver oil (CLO) on weight gain and lipid metabolism in lean and obese mice.
  • To determine how dietary fatty acid composition influences tissue lipid profiles and eicosanoid synthesis in the context of obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Lean (ln/ln) and obese (ob/ob) mice were fed diets supplemented with either EPO (rich in n-6 fatty acids) or CLO (rich in n-3 fatty acids).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Body weight, food intake, platelet thromboxane synthesis, and fatty acid composition in liver and adipose tissues were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Obese mice fed CLO exhibited reduced weight gain compared to those fed EPO, independent of food intake.
    • CLO-fed obese mice showed decreased thromboxane synthesis and altered tissue fatty acid profiles, with lower arachidonic acid (n-6) and higher n-3 fatty acids.
    • The n-3 fatty acids from CLO replaced n-6 fatty acids in tissue lipids, leading to reduced synthesis of '2-series' prostaglandins.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary n-3 fatty acids, as found in CLO, can mitigate weight gain in obese mice.
    • The replacement of n-6 with n-3 fatty acids influences lipid metabolism and reduces the synthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins.
    • These findings suggest a potential role for n-3 fatty acid-rich oils in managing obesity and associated metabolic disturbances.