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Identification of the Viral Pathogens in School Children With Acute Otitis Media in Central Java, Indonesia
Anton Budhi Darmawan1, Aghnianditya Kresno Dewantari2, Hanifah Fajri Maharani Putri2
1Faculty of Biology, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
Insights
Rhinoviruses are the primary cause of acute otitis media (AOM) in Indonesian school children. This study identified human rhinovirus B as the most common viral pathogen in children with AOM.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common pediatric infection with significant healthcare impact.
- AOM is often preceded by viral upper respiratory tract infections.
- Limited data exists on the viral spectrum causing AOM in Indonesia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the spectrum of viruses causing AOM in school children in Central Java, Indonesia.
- To identify predominant viral pathogens associated with AOM in this population.
Main Methods:
- Nasopharyngeal samples from 119 school children with AOM were collected.
- Viral RNA was extracted, converted to cDNA, and analyzed using PCR and sequencing.
- Detection targeted Coronaviridae, Enterovirus, Bocavirus, and Pneumovirinae families.
Main Results:
- 31.1% (37/119) of samples tested positive for viruses.
- Human rhinovirus B was the most prevalent (32.4%), followed by rhinovirus C (29.7%), human rhinovirus A (27%), and human bocavirus (5.4%).
Conclusions:
- Rhinoviruses are the predominant viral pathogens in school children with AOM in Central Java, Indonesia.
- Findings highlight the significant role of rhinoviruses in pediatric AOM in the region.
Abstract:
Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common infectious diseases in pediatric clinical facilities and has a significant impact on health care. It is a polymicrobial disease and is usually preceded by a viral upper respiratory tract infection. Data on the spectrum of viruses that cause AOM in Indonesia are still limited. This study analyzed nasopharynx (NP) samples collected from 119 school children with AOM in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Viral RNA was extracted for cDNA synthesis, followed by PCR and sequencing tools for detection of a panel of respiratory viruses using family-level primers for Coronaviridae, Enterovirus, Bocavirus, and Pneumovirinae for bocavirus. In total, 37 out of 119 NP samples (31.1%) tested positive for viruses. Human rhinovirus B was the predominant virus identified (32.4%) followed by rhinovirus C (29.7%), human rhinovirus A (27%), and human bocavirus (5.4%). Rhinovirus are predominant viral pathogens within school children with AOM in Central Java, Indonesia.
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