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Published on: February 1, 2017
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Dissipative Dynamics of Quantum Vortices in Fermionic Superfluid.
Andrea Barresi1, Antoine Boulet1, Piotr Magierski1,2
1Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Ulica Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland.
Physical Review Letters
|February 10, 2023
Summary
Researchers investigated quantum vortex dissipation in superfluids. Microscopic simulations revealed thermal effects, not quasiparticles, dominate dissipation, challenging previous hypotheses and explaining experimental findings.
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Quantum Fluids
Background:
- Nonuniversal dissipative dynamics of quantum vortices in fermionic superfluids were recently reported.
- An enhancement in dissipation was observed in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer interaction regime.
- Quasiparticles localized in the vortex core were hypothesized to cause this enhanced dissipation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test the hypothesis that vortex-bound quasiparticles cause enhanced dissipation in fermionic superfluids.
- To investigate the microscopic mechanisms governing dissipative dynamics in superfluids.
- To reconcile theoretical predictions with experimental measurements of quantum vortex dissipation.
Main Methods:
- Numerical simulations using time-dependent density-functional theory.
- A fully microscopic framework incorporating fermionic degrees of freedom.
- Analysis of the impact of vortex-bound states on superfluid dissipation.
Main Results:
- Microscopic calculations demonstrated the influence of vortex-bound states on dissipative dynamics.
- The contribution of vortex-bound states was found to be insufficient to explain experimental observations.
- Thermal effects, specifically mutual friction between the superfluid and normal components, were identified as the dominant factor.
Conclusions:
- The hypothesis attributing enhanced dissipation to vortex-bound quasiparticles is not supported by microscopic simulations.
- Thermal effects and mutual friction are the primary drivers of observed dissipative dynamics in fermionic superfluids.
- This study clarifies the mechanisms behind quantum vortex dissipation, offering a more accurate understanding of superfluid behavior.
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