SERS-active plasmonic metal NP-CsPbX₃ films for multiple veterinary drug residues detection

Sensitive and multiple veterinary drug residues detection is of important for food safety. Herein, uniform plasmonic Au nanobipyramids@Ag nanorods (Au NBP@Ag NR)-CsPbX₃ films with strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity were constructed. The effects of different CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I, or mixed halogens) quantum dots (QDs) on the SERS performances of plasmonic metal NP films were investigated. CsPbI₃ QDs with large dielectric constant could be served as the dielectric media to retard the attenuation of electromagnetic evanescent wave, inducing strong electromagnetic strength for SERS enhancement. Plasmon-induced metal-to-perovskite interfacial charge transfer transition also contributed to SERS enhancement. SERS-active plasmonic Au NBP@Ag NR-CsPbI₃ films had excellent sensitivity and high reproducibility for quantitative, accurate and multiple detection of chloramphenicol, diazepam and malachite green in food matrix. This work deepened the understanding of the SERS enhancement mechanisms of plasmonic metal NP-perovskite hybrid heterostructures, showing potential prospects in food safety monitoring.