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A variable stoichiometry model for pH homeostasis in bacteria.

R M Macnab1, A M Castle

  • 1Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511.

Biophysical Journal
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study models bacterial proton-motive force, revealing how ion transport mechanisms contribute to pH homeostasis. It suggests pH-dependent ion conductances influence membrane potential and ion gradients across bacterial cells.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biophysics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Bacterial cells maintain internal pH homeostasis through complex ion transport systems.
  • Proton-motive force (PMF) is crucial for cellular energy and pH regulation.
  • Understanding ion transport dynamics is key to bacterial survival across diverse pH environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the composition of proton-motive force in bacteria with wide pH tolerance.
  • To model the roles of electron transport chains and ion transporters in developing membrane potential and ion chemical potentials.
  • To investigate the pH-dependent regulation of bacterial ion gradients and membrane potential.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a theoretical model for bacterial proton-motive force.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of simultaneous operation of multiple proton-linked ion transport modes.
  • Postulation of pH-dependent relative conductances for various transport modes.
  • Examination of cation cycling driven by proton-motive force.

    • Main Results:

    • Nonintegral stoichiometry arises from simultaneous use of ion transport modes with varying proton ratios.
    • The model predicts pH-dependent membrane potential, shifting from positive inside (acidic pH) to negative inside (alkaline pH).
    • Simulated pH gradients are large and inwardly directed at acidic pH, diminishing and inverting at alkaline pH.
    • Transmembrane potassium and sodium gradients exhibit distinct pH-dependent behaviors, with sodium gradients diverging at alkaline pH.

    Conclusions:

    • The modeled ion transport dynamics align with known bacterial pH homeostasis mechanisms.
    • pH-dependent conductances of ion transport modes are critical for maintaining cellular pH balance.
    • The model provides insights into how bacteria adapt their ion gradients to survive in variable pH conditions.