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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 10, 2025

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Flat variable liquid crystal diffractive spiral axicon enabling perfect vortex beams generation.

Javier Pereiro-García1, Mario García-de-Blas2, Morten Andreas Geday3

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Summary

This study presents a switchable liquid crystal diffractive spiral axicon (DSA) with 24 configurations. The tunable DSA offers variable output angles for diverse optical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Diffractive spiral axicons (DSAs) are optical elements that generate Bessel beams.
  • Tunable and reconfigurable optical devices are crucial for advanced photonic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a transparent, switchable diffractive spiral axicon (DSA) using a single liquid crystal (LC) cell.
  • To demonstrate a variable output angle based on applied topological charge.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of the DSA using direct laser writing on indium-tin oxide coated glass substrates.
  • Utilizing liquid crystals to modulate the phase of an incoming beam.
  • Designing 24 individually driven spiral electrodes for specific phase retardations.

Main Results:

  • A transparent variable DSA with 24 distinct configurations (12 convergent, 12 divergent) was successfully manufactured.
  • The output angle was shown to be controllable by the applied topological charge.
  • Experimental performance was validated and compared against simulations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed tunable DSA offers a versatile platform for beam shaping applications.
  • The liquid crystal-based approach provides a practical method for creating reconfigurable optical elements.