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Related Concept Videos

Administering Oxygen by Mask01:30

Administering Oxygen by Mask

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Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:
556
Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

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The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

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Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
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Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

800
Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
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Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

1.5K
Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
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Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

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Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 10, 2025

A Microfluidic Model of Biomimetically Breathing Pulmonary Acinar Airways
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Measured Air Flow Leakage in Facemask Usage.

Poul S Larsen1, John Heebøll2, Knud Erik Meyer1

  • 1Department of Civil & Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|February 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Facemask leak flow significantly reduces filtration efficiency, with casual mask use allowing 83-99% leakage. Improving mask seals can decrease leakage, but casual wear means most viruses escape filtration.

Keywords:
filter propertiesfitterflow measurementlinerpressure distribution under facemask

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Facemask use is crucial during pandemics for reducing infectious virus transmission.
  • Previous research focused on filter material efficiency, neglecting mask-to-face seal leakage.
  • Leakage represents unfiltered airflow bypassing the mask material.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the fraction of breathing flow leaked around commonly used facemasks.
  • To assess the impact of 'casual' versus 'tight' mask mounting on leakage.
  • To evaluate how different fitters affect facemask seal performance.

Main Methods:

  • Measurement of filter material pressure loss and pressure distribution under masks.
  • Quantification of breathing flow leakage versus steady flow rates (5-30 L/min).
  • Testing two facemask types on mannequins with 'casual' and 'tight' mounting methods using three fitters.

Main Results:

  • Casual mask mounting resulted in high leakage (83-99%) for both inhalation and exhalation.
  • Tight mounting with fitters reduced leakage to 18-66%, varying by mask type.
  • Inhalation leakage decreased with higher flow rates in tight mounts, suggesting improved sealing due to suction.

Conclusions:

  • Casual facemask wear, common in practice, leads to substantial air leakage, compromising filtration.
  • Effective mask sealing is critical for minimizing dose response to airborne pathogens.
  • Optimizing facemask fit is essential to maximize protection against virus aerosols.