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Non-Coding RNAs Regulating Mitochondrial Functions and the Oxidative Stress Response as Putative Targets against

Juha M T Hyttinen1, Janusz Blasiak2, Kai Kaarniranta1,3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate mitochondrial function and antioxidant responses, offering potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). These epigenetic factors are crucial for cellular health and may impact other degenerative diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in the elderly, characterized by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) damage.
  • The multifactorial origins of AMD are complex, with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction implicated in RPE cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in regulating mitochondrial function and antioxidant stress response.
  • To explore the potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for AMD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on ncRNAs (microRNAs, long ncRNAs, circular ncRNAs) and their impact on mitochondrial and antioxidant pathways.
  • Analysis of ncRNA mechanisms, including mRNA suppression, regulation of other ncRNAs, and protein interactions.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs significantly influence mitochondrial processes and cellular antioxidant signaling.
  • Specific examples of ncRNAs affecting mitochondrial function and oxidative stress response are presented.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are key epigenetic regulators of mitochondrial and antioxidant functions.
  • ncRNAs hold promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AMD and potentially other oxidative stress-related diseases.
Keywords:
age-related macular degenerationepigenetic therapymitochondrianon-coding RNAoxidative stress

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