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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

346
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
346
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

429
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
429
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

700
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
700
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

567
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
567
Drug Discovery: Overview01:26

Drug Discovery: Overview

8.2K
Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
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Drug Biotransformation: Overview01:16

Drug Biotransformation: Overview

2.5K
Pharmaceutical substances known as xenobiotics are predominantly lipophilic and nonionized. This enables them to permeate lipid bilayers, such as cell membranes, and interact with intracellular target receptors. Lipophilic drugs have an advantage in crossing biological barriers and reaching their intended sites of action. However, lipophilic drugs often have a restricted capacity for renal expulsion or elimination from the body. When these drugs enter the kidneys and undergo glomerular...
2.5K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 10, 2025

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
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Stimuli-Responsive Boron-Based Materials in Drug Delivery.

Bhaskar C Das1,2,3, Parthiban Chokkalingam1, Pavithra Masilamani1

  • 1Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Stimuli-responsive boron nanomaterials offer precise, controlled drug delivery, overcoming limitations of conventional methods for enhanced therapeutic outcomes. These advanced systems respond to specific triggers for targeted treatment.

Keywords:
BODIPYboronboron nitriteboronic aciddrug deliverystimuli-responsive

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Materials Science
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Conventional drug delivery systems (tablets, capsules) exhibit poor bioavailability and irregular plasma drug levels, limiting therapeutic efficacy.
  • Achieving sustained drug release and targeted delivery at a controlled rate is crucial for optimal safety and effectiveness.
  • Stimuli-responsive controlled drug release systems offer a solution to the limitations of traditional drug delivery methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of recent advancements in stimuli-responsive boron-based materials for drug delivery.
  • To examine the potential of boron-containing compounds in developing advanced nanoscale drug delivery systems.
  • To discuss design principles for stimuli-responsive boron nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on stimuli-responsive boron-based materials in drug delivery.
  • Analysis of boron-containing compounds like boron nitride, boronic acid, and boron dipyrromethene.
  • Examination of various nanoscale systems (nanoparticles, nanotubes, hydrogels) incorporating these materials.

Main Results:

  • Boron-based materials demonstrate precise control over drug release in response to stimuli (pH, light, temperature, glucose, glutathione).
  • These materials can be integrated into diverse nanoscale systems, including nanoparticles, nanosheets, nanotubes, and hydrogels.
  • The review highlights the potential of these systems for targeted drug delivery across various diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Stimuli-responsive boron nanomaterials represent a promising frontier in advanced drug delivery.
  • These materials offer enhanced control and targeting capabilities, addressing limitations of conventional therapies.
  • Further research into design principles can inspire novel applications and improve therapeutic outcomes.