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The Role of the Interleukin-1 Family in Complications of Prematurity

Elys A Green1,2,3, Steven P Garrick1,2, Briana Peterson1,2

  • 1Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Inflammation, driven by interleukin-1 family cytokines, significantly impacts preterm infant health. Targeting these inflammatory pathways offers potential for new treatments to reduce complications from premature birth.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Perinatal Research

Background:

  • Preterm birth leads to significant neonatal morbidity and mortality.
  • Complications include bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary hypertension, white matter injury, retinopathy, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis.
  • Inflammation and mediator imbalance are key drivers of these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the interleukin (IL)-1 family in perinatal inflammation.
  • To discuss the clinical implications of IL-1 family involvement in preterm infant diseases.
  • To explore the potential of IL-1 family cytokines as therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on interleukin (IL)-1 family cytokines.
  • Analysis of the role of inflammation in preterm birth complications.
  • Examination of clinical implications and therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • The interleukin (IL)-1 family plays a crucial role in perinatal inflammation.
  • Imbalance in pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators is central to preterm infant disease pathophysiology.
  • IL-1 family cytokines are implicated in conditions like BPD, NEC, and sepsis.

Conclusions:

  • The interleukin (IL)-1 family is a significant factor in the inflammatory processes affecting preterm infants.
  • Targeting IL-1 family cytokines presents a promising therapeutic strategy.
  • Developing safe and effective treatments for early life inflammatory diseases is a key goal.

Keywords:
IL-1IL-18IL-1RaIL-33IL-36IL-36RaIL-37IL-38bronchopulmonary dysplasiacerebral palsyinflammationnecrotizing enterocolitisprematuritypulmonary hypertensionretinopathy of prematuritysepsiswhite matter injury

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